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Artist/Creator (1)	Grossman, Melvin, -2003
Artist/Creator (1).Nationality	American
Artist/Creator (1).Role	architect
Artist/Creator (2)	Harris, Jo, 1927-2005
Artist/Creator (2).Nationality	American
Artist/Creator (2).Role	interior designer
Artist/Creator (3)	Rissman & Rissman Associates
Artist/Creator (3).Nationality	American
Artist/Creator (3).Role	architectural firm
Artist/Creator (4)	Marnell Corrao Associates
Artist/Creator (4).Nationality	American
Artist/Creator (4).Role	general contractor
Title/Caption	Caesars Palace
Variant Title/Caption	Caesar's Palace
Site/Creative Center	3570 Las Vegas Boulevard South, Las Vegas (Nevada)
Date of Work	Opened 1966. Roman Tower addition 1973. Fantasy Tower (now Forum Tower) 1979. Additions 1980-1990. Palace Tower addition 1997. Renovations 2000. Colosseum Theater 2003. Luxury Tower, Convention facility, new Pedestrian Entrance, Restaurant, Amphitheatre and Market Places 2004.
Description of View	Central entry pavilion with portico along boulevard
Notes	[Melvin Grossman was the architect for the original 1966 Caesars Palace with Rissman & Rissman. Jo Harris was the interior designer for the 1966 Caesars Palace. Marnell Corrao Associates was the general contractor for the 1980s remodel and for the 2004 tower addition.] ;Project Description: All the grandeur of Rome with more of the glamour is found in the grand entry drive, dramatic porte cochere, Roman gods, themed mall, moving sidewalks, and Omnidome at Caesars Palace. Caesars has been a monumental presence on the Strip for over thirty years. Originally, Caesars faced the strip with a long axis of fountains which marked the 135-foot entry drive. The focus was a monumental structure with symmetrical wings which seemed to embrace all who arrived. Although this is more of a Baroque form than a Roman form, it achieved the desired effect. A convex 14-story tower with 680 rooms loomed above. These fountains, the long entry drive bordered by slender arches, and the concave highrise beyond still exist. Reproductions of Classical statues stand in scalloped niches behind the fountain. The oval-shaped casino and concave highrise beyond are mostly original. The sign also dates from 1966. Exaggerated Roman columns support a huge attraction board, the effect not unlike the front of a Roman temple. Fiberglass centurions and maidens stand above and below the attraction board. In the proposal, these figures were included only for scale but Sarno insisted that they be included in the final design. A moving sidewalk was added in 1972 to carry people from the sidewalk, over the parking lot and through an entry designed as a tholos (a circular temple) housing an oversized bronze statue of an equestrian Roman. The 1980 porte cochere was fabricated by YESCO at a cost of $300,000. The graduated ceiling trimmed in pink with gold lights centers attention on the entrance and glamorously reduces the scale of the entry to human-size. In 1986, a second pavilion was erected in the middle of Caesars' sidewalk frontage. It is remarkably authentic with almost archaeologically correct details. There is a portico with gleaming bronze-colored statues and decoration, mosaics and marble. Through the doors, a diorama of ancient Rome greets the visitors and a beltway carries them into the casino. Caesars created a second grand entry on its north side in 1985. The Forum at Caesars is features sporting events delivered via satellite. In 1989, a third entry pavilion with two-way moving sidewalks was added to the northern boundary of the property. It was added to compete with the new Mirage sidewalk entry. The entry portal is marked by a flaming urn and gilded horses. A moving beltway carries visitors up through seven triumphal arches, each arch bigger than the one before it. Water pours around and through the arches. As visitors exit the moving sidewalk a voice announces their grand entrance. A mall was constructed near this entry. It also has the architectural elements of ancient Rome. ;Project History: The brainchild of entrepreneur Jay Sarno and architect Melvin Grossman, Caesars Palace opened in August of 1966. Caesars was a lavish Las Vegas interpretation of Classical Rome, a true popular culture appropriation of Classical elements. The original construction cost $25 million. In 1970, the 14-story Centurion tower on the north side was added. The 1966 roadside sign was designed by YESCO's Jack Larsen and Kermit Wayne. However, the clients' refusal to pay half of their fee as a down payment caused them to pull out. Ad-Art fabricated essentially the same design for $350,000 and no advance. In 1979, Caesars added a 22-story tower with an Omnimax theater in a golf ball-textured dome. The new porte cochere was added in 1980. During the 1980s, Caesars also created new pedestrian entries to accommodate increasing pedestrian traffic and compete with new resorts such as The Mirage.
Technique/Process	architecture
Century	20th Century
Subject	Architecture, American Art, American Architecture -- 20th century Gambling casinos Hotels (public accommodations) Entrances Columns (architectural elements) Broken pediments Domes (architectural elements) Signs (declatory or advertising artifacts)
Publisher	ART on FILE
Publisher.Location	ART on FILE. 1837 East Shelby St. Seattle, Washington 98112 (United States). www.artonfile.com
Set/Project Title	Las Vegas Style: Fantasy Architecture and Signs
Reference Number	Art on File LV-03-08-02
Collection Title	Architecture (Art and Art History Department images)
Collection Information	Collection administered by Visual Resources manager, Architecture Library (402) 472-1193
Copyright Information	http://contentdm.unl.edu/ah_copyright.html

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