OSPEDALE DEGLI INNOCENTI

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Title	OSPEDALE DEGLI INNOCENTI
Alternate Title	Hospital of the Innocents
View	View where Via Cesare Battisti passes through the Ospedale, from the west
Notes	health and welfare
Work Type	children's hospital orphanage
Style/Period	Early Renaissance
Creator Name	Brunelleschi, Filippo
Creator Nationality	Italian
School of Creator	Early Renaissance
Date.Creator Birth	1377
Date.Creator Death	1446
Contributors to Project	Andrea della Robbia did the glazed terra-cotta work
Major Design Aspects	rhythm linear geometric modular innovative
Elements & Spatial Types	arcade arched portico Corinthian column glazed terra-cotta roundel medallion
Climate Type	Mediterranean
Country	Italy
City	Florence
State/Province	Tuscany
Alternate Place Names	Piazza Santissima Annunziata
Location.Notes	Piazza Santissima Annunziata
Architectural Material	stone, pietra serena
Structural System	bearing masonry
Dates	1421-1445
Century	15C
Photographer	Scott Gilchrist, Archivision
Date Photographed	8/31/1990
Subject Information	...Brunelleschi was designing buildings that have become synonymous with the genesis of Renaissance architecture. His Ospedale degli Innocenti, a foundling hospital begun c.1419 on property acquired by the Silk Merchants' Guild, is generally regarded to be the earliest monumental expression of the new style. Although it is related to Italian Romanesque and late Gothic architecture, its novel features minimized the buildings' affiliation with medieval styles. Tuscan trecento hospitals were often designed with arcaded porticoes, and Brunelleschi retained this feature for the Innocenti. But he eliminated the old-fashioned balustrade upon which the columns rested, changed the polygonal shafts to cylinders, and transformed stylized pressed-leaf' capitals into rich Corinthianesque foliage.' Source: Marvin Trachtenberg and Isabelle Hyman, 'Architecture: from Prehistory to Post-Modernism', p 284. / 'The facade of this complex to house orphans uses slender Corinthian columns to support round arches and a simple horizontal entablature. The cornice serves as a base for a row of windows with classically-inspired pediments, one centered above each arch. The distance between the columns is the same as the distance from the columns to the wall. The distance between the floor of the loggia to just above the impost blocks is also the same. Thus the cube is a major module in this proportional design. Other geometrical relationships governed the location of the cornice, the widths of doors and the heights of windows. Although Brunelleschi borrowed from Roman architecture, his columns aren't fluted. The capitals have impost blocks and less projection than Roman Corinthian models. Brunelleschi framed the round arches of the bays on each end with fluted pilasters, an idea perhaps borrowed from the Colosseum.' Source: www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ospedale/ospedale.html
Credit Line	Archivision Inc. (all images copyright Scott Gilchrist / Archivision.com)
Collection Title	Archivision (architecture, urban design, gardens, landscapes and public art)
Collection information	Collection administered by the Visual Resources manager, Architecture Library, (402) 472-1193

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OSPEDALE DEGLI INNOCENTI

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