Adam Bernard Mickiewicz (1798-1855) was a Polish poet, publisher and political writer of the Romantic period. Mickiewicz was active in the struggle to achieve independence for Poland (from Russia) and so lived in exile. He settled first in Rome, later in Paris, where he became professor of Slavic literature at the College de France. Mickiewicz is depicted on top of the column as a pilgrim, with his left arm raised.